Elongation of ligaments or tendons or muscle
Dr. Seyed Alireza Rozati Fellowship of knee and thigh joint surgery in Isfahan

Elongation but acute damage of soft tissue of the musculoskeletal system. That usually occur during sports or exercise activities and sometimes during daily life activities. This group of injuries occur due to sudden damage to the body such as falling and falling or spinning on a limb.

When the damage occurs in the ligaments, it is SPRAIN to the term that the knee joint is one of the most susceptible joints to stretch, which is followed by a sudden rotation on the knee or a sudden blow to the knee.
When it occurs in muscle or tendon, it is said to bestrain .
Ligaments or ligaments actually have elements with a طنابی structure (woven fibers) that are involved in the body and joints causing bones to bind together like a cruciate ligament in the knee.
Tendons are also طنابی elements like with similar structure that work to bind a muscle to bone.

These injuries occur in three different degrees, depending on the severity of damage:
Grade 1: in this type of damage the continuity of all fibers of طنابی structure is preserved, but only its tissue is damaged, inflamed and soreness.
Grade 2: in this damage a percentage of the fibers of the ligament or tendon are torn, but still retains the طنابی structure of its stretches, such as طنابی that have been incomplete. In this case the joint will be unstable in certain situations.
Grade Three: in this invailing structure has been completely torn. In this case the joint will be completely unstable and without performance

In stretch injuries, the ligaments with a different intensity of commontreatments such as pain, swelling, bruising and inflammation will be seen and in stretch of the tendon and muscle with the symptoms of muscle pain and spasms and muscle weakness, swelling and inflammation and muscle cramps will be encountered.

Treatment

General treatment in all injuries in the acute phase are:
Rest: Avoid activity that causes damage. Also, your doctor may recommend that you use a cane to not apply weight to the limb.

Ice Compress : Use the ice pack 20 minutes per hour, a few times a day, and do not place the ice directly on the skin.

Pressure bandage : To prevent the progression of swelling and bleeding is a donor.

Keep the limbs up : To reduce the swelling of the limbs above the heart level.

Main treatment:

Grade Injuries: in this type of damage after acute phase symptoms should be initiated physiotherapy treatment for the ability to begin
2-degree injuries: in these types of injuries, it should be used for a splint or plaster to heal the damage of the wound and follow the physical therapy
3. Grade Injuries: Sometimes the surgery is needed.

Prevention

Injuries often occur when a person suddenly increases the duration, intensity or frequency of their activities. Many soft tissue damage can be prevented through proper ventilation, training and appropriate sports equipment. Other preventive points include:
Use the appropriate equipment. Replace your athletic shoes in case of damage.
Wear comfortable and free clothes that allow you to move freely.
The clothes are free enough to make the body heat free.
Maintain fitness
Do a balanced fitness program that includes cardio exercise, strength training, and flexibility.
Add new activities and exercises with caution. Whether you’ve been quiet or quiet in the physical form is good, don’t try to do too much activity once.
(It is better to add more than one or two new activities in each workout.)
Hot off before sports figure 01o
Even heat the body before stretching exercises. Take a quiet and deep breath for a few minutes at work, or gently exercise your athletic movements.

During heating the heart rate and blood flow are increased and muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints are loose.

Drink water
Use enough water to avoid dehydration, heatstroke, and hot strokes. Drink the water 15 minutes before starting the exercise and also after cooling the body. Drink water every 20 minutes during exercise.

Cooling the body after the end of exercise
The duration of cooling the body that the final phase of exercise should be twice as long as you have spent the warm direction. Slow down your moves and slow down your movements at least 10 minutes before you completely stop. At this point, a safe exercise program should dry your skin and the body will be cooled.

Tensile gestures Figure 03o
Start dragging gently and carefully until you reach a point of maximum muscle tension, then take 10 to 20 seconds to maintain this state, then slowly and carefully release it. Do the tail before each stretching action and perform the exhale muscle release.
Make each tensile move only once.
Never do so much to stretch the pain.
Always maintain your balance and never put a sudden pressure on a muscle that’s fully stretching.

Rest
Take the days to rest during the vigorous and heavy exercise program
Relax in case of exhaustion.
Fatigue and pain are good reasons for stopping exercise.
Try to get at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity every day. If you are really having time limits, you can divide it into 10-minute phases.